The Institute solicits projects to explore the relations between education outcomes and malleable factors (i.e., factors that can be changed, such as child behaviors, teachers’ practices, school management practices, and education programs and policies), as well as mediators or moderators of those relations. Exploring the relations between malleable factors and education outcomes is translational research; it is intended to inform the development of interventions (e.g., programs, practices, or policies) that can improve education outcomes or to identify the conditions that are associated with better implementation of interventions. Exploratory research can also be used to identify existing practices, programs, or policies that are associated with better education outcomes. The results from this work may either inform the development of interventions or lead to evaluations of interventions to determine whether they are the actual cause of the better outcomes, as opposed to some other factor that has yet to be uncovered.