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Gates Foundation: Teachers trump class size
After investing billions in U.S. education, the foundation's new CEO says better teachers, not smaller class sizes, are key

 

Primary Topic Channel:  Instruction

 

Effective teachers are a major key to successful students.

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation spent billions of dollars exploring the idea that smaller high schools might result in higher graduation rates and better test scores. Instead, it found the key to better education is not necessarily smaller schools but more effective teachers.

Some people might cringe while recounting how much money the foundation spent figuring this out. But the foundation's new CEO, Jeff Raikes, smiles and uses it as an example to explain that the world's wealthiest charity has the money to try things that might fail.

"Almost by definition, good philanthropy means we're going to have to do some risky things, some speculative things to try and see what works and what doesn't," Raikes said May 27 during an interview with the Associated Press.

The foundation's new "learner-in-chief" has spent the nine months since he was named CEO studying the operation, traveling around the world, and figuring out how to balance the pressures of the economic downturn with the growing needs of people in developing nations.

The former Microsoft Corp. executive, who turns 51 May 29, joined the foundation as its latest CEO after Patty Stonesifer, another former Microsoft executive, announced her retirement and his friends Bill and Melinda Gates talked Raikes out of retiring.

In the past decade, the foundation reportedly has given away nearly $20 billion, mostly in global health, global development, and U.S. education.

It has been ramping up its giving since Warren Buffett, head of Omaha, Neb.-based Berkshire Hathaway, announced in June 2006 that he would make annual donations of about $1.5 billion to the foundation, with the money to be distributed in the year it is donated.

Raikes is also from Nebraska, where he grew up on a family farm near Omaha. He and his wife, Tricia, formed the Raikes Foundation in 2002 to support youth development, education, and community issues in the Seattle area.

He hasn't lost his easygoing manner, it is reported, during his transformation from business leader to nonprofit CEO.

One of the things he's learned, he said, is the foundation must take a different direction with its education grants, and the best path is to support good, effective teachers.

Between 2000 and 2008, the foundation spent about $2 billion trying to improve America's high schools and another $2 billion for scholarships, primarily for low-income and minority students.

It saw graduation rates go up in many foundation-supported schools. But it didn't see significant improvements in student achievement or in the number of students who left high school ready to enroll in college.

Raikes said the responsibility for social innovation often falls on nonprofit organizations, because the private sector doesn't see the profit margin in it and most citizens don't want the government speculating with their tax dollars.

 
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Stop the Blame Game II

We simply must stop blaming the teachers. What impact will the continual carping about bad teachers have on the 50% of all teachers that can retire in the next 10 years. Educating children requires a commitment from not only the teacher, but the student, the parent, the administrator on campus, the superintendent, the school board, the legislator, and the community in general. If it takes 5 to 7 years to develop academic language skills, don't fund just 2 years. Be realistic in that in a workforce of 2 million teachers, we are not all going to be great. Some will be great, some will be above average, some average, and some below average. When you consider that 5 years after entry into teaching, only 50% of the entrants remain. In the next 5 years another 50% will leave. I would think that eliminates many of the bad teachers. Maybe would could focus on some of the other factors.

Posted By: rhe, 2009-07-26 3:45 PM

Stop the BLAME game!!

I have spent 30 years in education half the time in teaching, half in administration. We need to stop expending so much energy on pointing a finger. It is NOT a simple problem and there is NO simple solution. We must get to the bottom of this nation wide crisis and work TOGETHER to repair it. The policy makers, fiscal agents,administators, teachers, parents and other community based stakeholders must partner-up and get to the business of NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND!! I, for one, applaud the Gates Foundation for their contributions to the cause. Research is important work and the resulting data does not lie. We need more of it in conjunction with a wide spread effort to share what we are learning and provide schools with the resources they need to apply what we are learning. Make no mistake about it... dedicated educators are our most valuable resource!

Posted By: msantoro, 2009-07-01 6:47 PM

Goodness of fit

It is not as simple as "good teachers" and "bad teachers". There is a goodness of fit issue in placing teachers where they can be most effective. Many are making the argument that "the best" teachers are teaching high achieving students while "the worst" teachers are teaching students who have low achievement. There are teachers who are extremely talented at meeting particular challenges who should be placed where they can be most effective. Some of the teachers who are exellent at teaching the high achievers would be a disaster in a classroom of low achievers, and vice versa. This is especially true in middle and high school. "Differentiation" at these levels is a myth because very, very few teachers can carry this out effectively, even with "training".

Posted By: levirm, 2009-06-16 10:18 AM

Let's support teachers

Of course teachers are vital to student learning. But all educators must be in cultures that continually challenges us to learn and grow and reflect and examine our assumptions and change our practice. For that to happen, principals, superintendents, state commissioners of education, school boards, must also continue to learn. We must admit that our system is flawed and find ways to change the system to support learning for all. The situation cannot be blamed on anyone or any group; we must all take responsibility for our own practice.

Posted By: afprc, 2009-06-11 3:25 PM

Lets Get Back to the Basics Throwing Money at Things is Not a Solution But it Looks Good

If the Gates Foundation were to provide a portion of what the study cost and allow me to do with the grant what I feel, and already know, works the cost of education would be much less and the results would be amazing. Any child who has ever received money from an absent parent knows money does not fix how they feel when they do not get to spend time with that parent. We have a simple problem and the solution is simple, really it is. However, it appears the preference is on purchasing technology instead of purchasing paper, pencils, pens, crayons, scissors, glue and basic items requiring children to use their senses as we did in the 1960s and 70s. Now we give kids computers to help them learn and this is the biggest crime in America. I am a 50-year old single mom of two boys (one is 10 and the other 15) and I volunteer at the youngest son's school as a "reading buddy" and "coach" to 1, 2 and 3 grade students. I have seen dramatic, inexpensive, and proven results happen that a computer or super trained teacher will never accomplish. Why? Our teachers have too many students in their classes to spend time one to one with many that struggle with the basics of reading and writing. I am dyslexic and my weakness was understanding what I was able to read. I "fell through" the cracks because I scored high on standardized tests and did not need to "understand" what I read until high school. All of the teachers I know have told me it is one to one and small group lessons where the most learning moments lie. Teacher aides are a valuable and rare sight in most schools. Most schools only have aides for special ed rooms. This forces many students into special ed that really only need extra help (SLD and ADHD get labeled as behavior problems and do not get the help they need due to funding issues) for a short time. My "developmentally delayed" son was found to really be dyslexic, smart, and needed speech servies. His develop was never delayed but he was put into sped until I advocated for him to be placed in the least restrictive environment and paid for private testing. I have worked with many kids like my son who have done well in small groups and in one to one reading. This year I realized that the first thing I do is build a child's self esteem and confidence because they lack these when they are not understanding what their classmates seen to be doing with little to no effort. Then I work with them and as I see how they learn and what is blocking them I discuss with the teacher what I see working and what is not. Lucky we are to have a speech pathologist at our school. If they get speech services early enough (many kids have fluid or other ear problems and if you cannot herar the sounds to read the word then ......you may as well go play) then they have a chance to succeed. For the amount of money we spend "studying" the problem so someone can look good and justify more technology we could hire and train good TA's, give teachers more pay, see children succeed, and lower the crime rate in our country. Yep, the young criminals cannot read fast enough to keep up nor do they understand what they read. So for them it is simple economics-why should they waste time in school or working at a minimum wage job when they can make more money selling drugs or robbing people. I doubt the Gates Foundaton would provide a grant for me to disprove their study and prove to them what teachers and involved parents already know. Why? It takes no technology - it takes human power, compassion, patience, and dedication (the stuff our teachers and good coaches know how to do. Perhaps I will write a letter to the Gates Foundaton and hope it is not screened like resumes are in employment databases and that a human reads what I have to say. I am finishing a BA degree. When I graduate in the next 2-3 years I plan to pursue a Masters in Speech Pathology or perhaps Education so I may work in my old age with elementary school kids. I want to be part of the solution. In the meantime it will be very hard next year to keep me away from volunteering (defn---no money paid to me:)) Education is the key to our nations problems. Technology is not the answer - it is a tool. If we rely on this tool then we will become less than robots ourselves. Well now it is time to do my homework. TEACHERS ARE SECOND ONLY TO OUR CHILDREN IN IMPORTANCE IN OUR COUNTRY. PLEASE TELL YOUR TEACHER(S) THANK YOU AS OFTEN AS YOU CAN. SummerLee Anchorage Alaska

Posted By: summerlee13, 2009-06-10 6:43 AM

Teaching - Down Under (Australia)

Better quality teachers are imperative! I too have been completing a Masters Degree (already have Bachelor + two Grad.Diplomas in Mathematics) I continue to read about teaching more effectively and have 20 years experience. Recently I was doing some diagnostic testing with my students and found that 95% of the students in my class were getting particular questions correct, in past years typically only 50% of students would get the problem correct. I contribute this 'success' to a combination of my experience, research and a book by David Sousa (How the brain learns mathematics). The primary recency affect, combined with appropriate use of technology has improved my students results. This is all happening in a school in a low socio-economic area. Turning results around in schools such as mine is a challenging problem indeed. So, it is with great disgust that I see our Education Department is now advocating a 6 week course for people to become teachers of mathematics. (Provided they have some 'other' University qualification) This initiative is to address the shortage of mathematics teachers in Australia. At the same time the Federal Government is spending billions of dollars repairing school buildings. So, what we will have is poorly educated students in lovely surroundings! Too bad for future generations. I would welcome a visit by Bill Gates or Jeff Raikes to Australia so they can advise our education system of their choices of funding. By the way, teachers in Australia do not recieve extra pay for additional qualifications such as a Masters Degree or a Phd. Furthermore, access to professional development is getting harder and harder with length application processes required. Even if teachers do attend the professional development, it makes no difference to their salary. What counts in our education system is that your are warm, vertical and at the front of a classroom ready to check attendance.

Posted By: peter_fox, 2009-06-08 10:44 PM

Support for Teachers

After reading the article “Gates Foundation: Teachers trump class size,” I find it interesting that the Gates Foundation has put so much money in the research of class size only to find out that there is actually another issue at hand, effective teachers. In fact at the end of the article when it is stated that, “...the most important factor to successful schools is excellent teachers and supporting what they do in the classroom,” (Gates Foundation...) the two most important words are “teachers” and “support”. If it is effective teachers that make students successful then it begs the question who are these effective teachers and what time, money, and resources do they need to be successful. Recently, I read an article written by Robert J. Garmston that breaks down the parts that are put together in order to make an effective and perhaps even an excellent teacher. Garmston’s article, “Becoming an Expert Teacher,” begins with placing teachers on a continuum from novice to expert and then goes on to give the reader is six areas to strengthen, reflect upon, and apply in the classroom (Garmston, 1998). The Gates Foundation can actually play a major role by supporting teachers through further education, professional development, etc. in order to better equip teachers to excel in the six areas discussed by Garmston. These six areas are key components to creating an effective teacher who is prepared to change the lives of his or her students. The six areas are as follows: Content, Pedagogy, Students and how they learn, Self-Knowledge, Cognitive processes of Instruction, and Collegial Interaction (Garmston, 1998). If teachers were given the time to explore and expand their knowledge in these areas schools in America would be in better shape. The thing to remember is that each of these six areas work together and each plays an important role in the classroom. If a teacher does not have a strong knowledge of content then students will not benefit from the classroom experience. When a teacher is not aware of the varying learning abilities of students in the classroom the some students will fall through the cracks. It is wonderful if a teacher is knowledgeable in his or her content area but if he or she teaches using strategies that are above or below student ability, all of the content will fall on deaf ears (Garmston, 1998). So, as you see, if the Gates Foundation contributed money to the education of teachers in turn they would be contributing to the betterment of students’ learning experiences. Teachers are life-long learners who are definitely up to the challenge of continuing education, it is the support and the funding that these teachers need in order to be an effective and excellent teacher to America’s youth. Garmston, Robert J. (1998). Becoming Expert Teachers (Part One). Journal of Staff Development, 19(1). Retrieved June 2, 2009, from http://www.nsdc.org/library/publications/jsd/garmston191.cfm Gates Foundation: Teachers trump class size (29 May 2009). eSchool News. Retrieved 3 June 2009, from http://www.eschoolnews.com/news/top-news/ index.cfm?&i=58946&page=2#commentform

Posted By: c clausen, 2009-06-04 12:07 AM

You guys are missing the lesson here

Quit with the anecdotal whining. Look at the article again. It's about how the Gates Foundation paid no attention to good research (NSF funded) and no attention to how Puerto Rico handled their problem and no attention to Leon Lederman in Chicago (Physice First.) The G.F. made its mistakes, evaluated where it was headed, and announced that it had made a decision after common sense solutions failed to provide a magic bullet.

Posted By: bob_calder, 2009-06-03 2:36 PM

Intellectual curiosity. That's what makes a good teacher. Not a teacher who is one chapter ahead of the kids. Someone who can take a subject and place it in the context of the big world. Someone who makes a subject relevant and exciting, because they are excited about it. Of course, a good teacher is well organized and can teach a subject five different ways, but a great teacher makes the classroom come alive.

Posted By: mghaggerty, 2009-06-02 7:33 AM

Simple Definition of an Effective Teacher

Organized - keep accurate student records/trends Proactive/Planner -have what will be taught a week later ready for launch today! Cares- is actively involved and "lives" for students' success (school/life) Competent in Subject -really knows the subject - can teach it 5 different ways if necessary This, unfortunately, is not abundant in the urban district I teach in. The few teachers who have these characteristics are very successful. The SECOND students leave their classrooms and enter mediocre teacher classrooms, they go crazy and the discipline/focus problems arise. The good teachers are just that much more motivated and talented. The only way to attract more talent into the profession is to increase pay. It is the same in any field (sports, corporate, etc). The average salary in NJ is about $50K - this needs to be at least $65K and you will see the real talent in colleges start majoring in education and not business. Then districts will have their pick of the litter. Its NOT THAT COMPLICATED.

Posted By: aguilaal, 2009-06-01 5:15 PM

 

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